Primary Health Care in Australia Literature Review

The world health organization describes primary health care as a well-focused approach to managing health determinants and reflects on an inclusive interconnected dimension of overall well-being. Primary health care is the first level of patient care. A Strategy is a plan detailing the vision, goals, and way to proceed with a country to preserve and enhance its citizen’s health status (Halcomb et al., 2016). Primary health services should be viewed as both a solution to a health concern faced by community members, as well as a degree of service delivery to community residents. It comes from a wide variety of programs that include health promotion, disease prevention, diagnosis, and chronic illness management. Each individual has the right to good health and wellbeing comes from Article 25 of the universal declaration of human rights (Issel & Wells, 2017). 

Given its relevance to policymakers and more than 30 years of current topic research, the idea of access to healthcare has long been poorly established, without a strong consensus on its interpretation in literature and not a widely agreed way. The meaning and scope of health care itself are issues that have to be discussed in any examination of the concept of access to health care. Alternatively, health care has been used to refer primarily to medical treatment; to a wider spectrum of medical services and secondary non-medical services, from primary care and prevention services to hospital-based tertiary services (Hurley, Baum, Johns, & Labonte, 2010).

There are three types of care programs worldwide: the model for the welfare state, the market model and a combination of the welfare state and the consumer model – the hybrid one. Healthcare is funded by tax funds under the welfare state model, where the government claims sole responsibility for delivering healthcare facilities. Under a market system, it is up to ordinary residents and private institutions to pick and pay for health care. Under a mixed scheme, the state has universal medical benefits so residents can receive private health care in addition to public insurance (Dixit & Sambasivan, 2018).