Nursing Questions - Assignment Solution

Q1 

According to various researches it is being indicated that the risk for substance abuse and other adverse behaviors increases along with the number of risk factor increases. Lack of parental supervision, academic problems and early aggressive behaviors are all risk factors that increase the likelihood of youth substance use and abuse. However not all youth members are likely to develop this substance abuse problem as they might get help from protective factors (Youth.gov). One of the risk factor would be the parent child conflict on regular basis, because of such situation the child would want a diversion and may get use to the substance abuse. On the other hand, the ability to make friends is likely to work as the protective factor. 

Q2. 

Family and Peer Group

Being raised in a situation where parents had issues among themselves or there were issues between parent and the child, the chances of getting use to the AOD by that kid are likely to be high. It may be because of the constant cold and unresponsive mother behavior that may become the major factor in the context of AOD. On the other hand, peer groups play a major and crucial role in the development of a child. Support from peers at an early stage can definitely act as protective factor. 

Q3

There are various theories that have been proposed over the years with the intention of identifying the causes along with the mechanism(s) that best explains the behaviors that are observed in drug addicts. One of the discussed theories is the neuroadaption that refers to the changes in the brain that occur to oppose a drug’s acute action. The theory talk about the changes that take place in the brain in order to oppose the drugs effects. 

Q4

COMORBIDITY / DUAL DIAGNOSIS

The co-occurrence of two or more mental health problems that are related to each other are considered as comorbidity. Over the last few years it has emerged to be one of the major clinical and public health issue. On the other hand dual diagnosis is very similar to the comorbidity, as both are referred to the mental health disorder along with the substance abuse or disorder (Lannitelli. A, Castra. R and Antenucci. M, 2002). In cases where the prevalence of comorbidity and drug use disorder is high, it simply cannot be termed as one caused the other, even if one appeared first. To be able to establish any causality, various factors need to be considered.